Welcome, Rien and Maribeth:
Our region of NAV CANADA, the privatised operator of Canada's air
navigation system, developed a Team Resource Management (TRM) course for
air traffic services operational personnel last year. It is a three day
course designed to enhance teamwork among controllers and flight
service specialists.
Buried, but not too deeply, in the CRM developers archives are a few
days' discussion on TRM.
Here is a quick outline of the course as we developed and delivered it:
Day One: 1)The Concept of Team Resource Management
2)Human Factors: Reason's Model of Accident Causation and the Shel
Model
3)Team Work: an interactive simulation from Human Synergistics
(highly recommended) showing the value of team work and consultation
versus solo analysis and decision making.
Day Two: all day: Interpersonal Communications in the Operational
Environment,
Including how we communicate, messaging, elements of body language,
barriers to communications, modelling communications and more.
Day Three: In the morning: Situational Awareness : Definitions, the
Error Chain (in an ATS context), behavioral markers of good
situational awareness, behavioral markers of good team work and
communication, and more.
In the afternoon: Decision Making: a model, signs of
good/enhanced decision-making processes, team development of decision
making models.
Our TRM concept is based upon an adaptation of the 5 elements of the
ICAO CRM model: Inquiry, Advocacy, Conflict Resolution, Decision-Making
and Critique. The course developers simply put an air traffic
control/flight services "spin" on each one.
We used as much syndication/workshopping as possible, video support
(mostly aircrew oriented as there is very little to none available in
ATC-oriented videos)
simulations, team presentations, and LOTS of discussion in plenary.
Comments from participants ranged from: "the best course I've had in 28
years as an ATC" to "what a waste of time", to "a must for every
operational controller and flight service specialist". We were not
surprised to see these comments, in light of the developmental history
of CRM in the 70's.
Of particular interest to us here in Canada was that, at the same time
we were developing our course, Eurocontrol was doing the same thing. I
had the pleasure of meeting Dr. Manfred Barbarino at Ohio State, at the
9th International Symposium on Aviation Psychology. I was quite
encouraged to see that we were on parallel tracks on our processes and
course planning. We also enjoyed the opportunity to contribute to
the "Facilitation For Eurocontrol" course developed by Rana Process, of
Merrickville, Ontario, Canada , with Cranfield University.
It should be noted that our course was developed and delivered by
operationally current air traffic controllers. None of us were
clinicians of any degreed status. However, a tremendous amount of
research and consultation, a few developmental courses, a CRM course at
a major international airline, and (most importantly) 5 days at Ohio
State at the Symposium all contributed to the success of the course,
making it acceptable and welcomed by the great majority of our course
participants.
I hope this brief overview is helpful.
Now, back into the tall grass...
John Breen
Nav Canada
Safety and Service Design
Western Region, Edmonton
403-413-5331
>----------
>From: Rien Doorn[SMTP:rien_at_euronet.nl]
>Sent: July 18, 1998 11:49 PM
>To: crm-devel_at_db.erau.edu
>Subject: TRM developments
>
>
>Hello everybody,
>
>I am developing a CRM programm for the Dutch military Air Traffic
>Control Centre. We call it TRM, like Michael Woldring of Eurocontrol
>does. Does anybody have any experience with this topic? I have been
>teaching CRM as a simulator instructor for about 5 years. I am very
>curious about your opinion about the differences between CRM and TRM (
>for air taffic controllers) if any. I welcome any suggestion.
>
>Thanks
>
>Rien Doorn
>The Netherlands
>
>