------=_NextPart_000_0016_01BE20C6.A2098960
Content-Type: text/plain;
charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
All,
I cannot add any info on official research in this area. However, I can
suggest a few operational areas where dis-synergy may be more prevalent.
Home base operations - According to a conversation I participated in
recently, data from an operator's FOQA Program indicated that their
flightcrews seems to accept/allow greater "cramming" into the limited
airspace at the home airport than at other locations. Turns onto approach at
the marker, speed requests (both high and low), immediate departures and
expedited runway exits all occurred more at the home base than elsewhere in
this operator's route structure.
Automated Flightdecks - A research project at a University in the States
determined that it takes at least 600 hours of flight time for crews to
transition from novice to master on today's automated aircraft. This time
frame is a "window of opportunity" for breakdowns in CRM. In fact, the
researchers expected the subject airline to develop FMS CBT to close the
skills gap. Instead the airline, an operator with a well developed AQP,
placed greater emphasis on the development of the appropriate CRM skills to
address this situation.
Fatigued/Rushed crews - If one were to take the fatigue analysis process
utilized by Professor Rosekind and his team on the Guantamino(sp) Bay, Cuba
DC-8 accident and apply it to situations where crews just plain did not
function well, I believe that the insidious yet extremely detrimental
effects of fatigue would by viewed in a new light. On rushed crews, I
believe that ALPA did a study of the "making curfew" influence on accidents
and incidents that is quite revealing.
>From these areas may come the reasons that can be provided to crews for the
more structured skills approach to CRM in AQP and ACRM, used by some just
outside of AQP's influence.
As an aside to the synergy topic, would any CRM Developers with flightcrew
evaluation forms illustrating the skills and grading structure for
skill-based CRM be willing to make those available on the web site. I saw
some forms used in an AQP several years ago and would like to refresh my
knowledge. And I am sure that many others would be interested.
Regards,
Larry Steele
------=_NextPart_000_0016_01BE20C6.A2098960
Content-Type: application/ms-tnef;
name="winmail.dat"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
Content-Disposition: attachment;
filename="winmail.dat"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------=_NextPart_000_0016_01BE20C6.A2098960--